Ships built to the same design or a particular batch of a design is usually grouped together as a ‘class’. This is distinct from a ship ‘type’, which might reflect a similarity of tonnage or intended use. In the Royal Navy there were five classes of auxiliary escort aircraft carriers, and five individual vessels. Class names were AVENGER, ATTACKER, RULER, SMITER
AVENGER CLASS
Modified US Long Island Class
The first batch of escort carrier conversions utilizing merchant C3 passenger-cargo liners; generally similar to Archer but conversions carried out prior to the vessels completion as freighters. All four vessels ordered for RN service, but Charger was retained by USN for joint USN/RN training purposes. Avenger had no Island. ARCHER was the prototype and had a displacement of: 15,700 tons gross.
Specifications
Displacement 15,120 tons gross
Length 465 ft (Hull) 492 ft (Flight deck)
Beam 69ft 6 in (Hull) 78 ft (Flight deck)
Speed: 16.5 Knots
5 Ships: ARCHER, AVENGER, BITER, CHARGER, DASHER
ATTACKER CLASS
US BOGUE CLASS (C3 hull conversions)
Developed from, and generally similar to, Avenger class, this design was the final development of the US C3 type conversion program. Converted from incomplete C3 merchant hulls, this class of CVE benefited from a greater degree of conversion being possible compared to the earlier C3 conversions which were carried out on completed hulls.
Specifications
Displacement 14,630 tons gross
Length 465 ft, (Hull)
495 ft 6 in (Flight deck)
Beam 69ft 5 in (Hull)
111 ft 6in (Flight deck)
Speed: 18 Knots
RULER CLASS
US BOGUE CLASS ( Purpose built C3 hulls)
A second batch of Bogue class vessels, ordered in response to a continued need for escort carriers. Built from the keel up as carriers, these ships were almost identical to the first batch of Bogue conversions. All but one of this batch of ships were to be transferred to the RN.,
Specifications
Displacement 15,646 tons gross
Length 465 ft (Hull)
495 ft 6 in (Flight deck)
Beam 69.5 in (Hull)
111 ft 6 in (Flight deck)
Speed: 18 Knots
17 Ships:
AMEER,
ARBITER,
ATHELING,
BEGUM,
EMPEROR,
EMPRESS,
KHEDIVE,
NABOB, ,
PREMIER,
QUEEN,
RAJAH,
RANEE,
RULER,
SHAH,
SPEAKER,
THANE,
TRUMPETER
SMITER CLASS
US BOGUE CLASS ( Purpose built C3 hulls)
A sub class of the second batch of Bogue class vessels named with aggressive action names, possibly carried over from the ATTACKER Class. Evidence for this sub-class is discussed here.
6 Ships: PATROLLER, PUNCHER, REAPER, SLINGER, SMITER, TROUNCER
NAIRANA CLASS
British built
Two fast freighters converted into escort carriers by British
shipyards. Although there are two vessels in this class, HMS VINDEX
was not a duplicate of HMS NAIRANA.
Specifications:
Displacement 17,210 tons gross
Length 424 ft,
Beam 68 ft
Speed: 16 Knots
2 Ships:
NAIRANA,
VINDEX
AUDACITY
Audacity was the RNs first escort carrier, intended to provide
basic air cover for convoys. This was a very basic conversion, but
well over 100 merchant-hulled escort carriers followed her.
Specifications
Displacement 15,646 tons gross
Length 465 ft
Beam 69 ft 6 in
Speed: 18 Knots
Second RN-converted escort carrier, taken over prior to completion
as a merchant ship she was converted to an improved design which
included a small hanger and a small Island.
Specifications
Displacement 14,250 tons gross
Length 512ft
Beam 66 ft 6 in
Speed: 18 Knots
CAMPANIA
A fast freighter converted before completion. Very similar in layout
to the two NAIRANA class vessels.
Specifications
Displacement 15,970 tons gross
Length 540 ft
Beam70 ft
Speed: 16 Knots
The largest of the RN escort carriers, Pretoria Castle could operate
up to 21 aircraft. Converted from a passenger liner she was
initially employed as an Armed Merchant Cruiser (AMC) early in the
war, Purchased by the Admiralty in 1943 for conversion to an escort
carrier.
Specifications:
Displacement 23,450 tons gross
Length 592 ft,
Beam 76 ft
Speed: 18 Knots
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Shape: Standard, circular.
Blazon (Heraldic description) On a blue field: A ram in the act of butting, proper.
------: One who assaults or assails an opponent. The butting Ram in the design is an illustration of this act. The original design suggested by the ship’s officers depicted a stylised seahorse, having the head and neck of a horse, the body and tail of a griffon with feathered wigs and two hind legs with talons. Volant, ready to dive. It also carried the unofficial motto “Oppugnare, vincere est” – "Attack to conquer”. A bronze cast of this design was made by her builder and was displayed on the quarterdeck until the official design was approved in 1943.
For explanations of heraldic terms see the
Royal
Navy Ship's Badges page.